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From: Knowledge-extractor: a self-evolving scientific framework for hydrogen energy research driven by AI agents

Figure 1. The Overall Architecture of Hydrogen-Agent. The framework is composed of four core modules: (A) an Autonomous Knowledge Loop that periodically ingests and validates new information; (B) a Cognitive Core, a domain-fine-tuned LLM responsible for planning and reasoning; (C) a KAG Knowledge Base that stores and retrieves both vectorized and graph-based knowledge; (D) an Autonomous Toolset containing specialized agents for executing complex sub-tasks. Solid and dashed arrows represent data and control flows, respectively. LLM: Large language model; KAG: Knowledge-Augmented Graph.