fig17

From: Dynamic electrical double layers at solid-liquid interfaces for energy-information flow

Figure 17. Dynamic EDL-enabled environmental and physiological sensing via S-L TENGs. (A) Temperature sensing enabled by thermally regulated interfacial hydration structures and dynamic EDL evolution, developed by Feng et al. in 2022. Reprinted with permission from^[171] Copyright © 2022 WILEY‐VCH GmbH; (B) Chemical-information sensing through ion- and contaminant-induced EDL reconstruction at solid-liquid interfaces, developed by Kaswan et al. in 2025. Reprinted with permission from^[172] Copyright © 2025 WILEY-VCH GmbH; (C) Physiological-information sensing through sweat-ion-mediated modulation of interfacial EDLs and triboelectric outputs in wearable systems, developed by Li et al. in 2025. Reprinted with permission from^[173] Copyright © 2025 WILEY-VCH GmbH.