fig2
Figure 2. Associations between GDM/HDP and incident CKD across major subgroups in the UK Biobank. Models were adjusted for age, ethnicity, education, Townsend deprivation index, BMI, smoking status, alcohol consumption, eGFR, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, blood glucose, C-reactive protein, and medication use. P values for interaction (i.e., FDRinteraction) were derived from likelihood ratio tests comparing nested models with and without cross-product terms between the stratifying variable and GDM/HDP status, and were adjusted for multiple testing using the Benjamini-Hochberg FDR method. BMI: Body mass index; CI: confidence interval; CKD: chronic kidney disease; CVD: cardiovascular disease; eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; FDR: false discovery rate; GDM: gestational diabetes mellitus; HR: hazard ratio.
