fig5

From: Stimuli-responsive nanomaterials as modulators of cancer stem cell fate: current progress and future perspectives

Figure 5. (A) Schematic illustrating ultrasound-mediated extracellular matrix softening to inhibit cancer stemness; (B) Tissue staining results of collagen (blue) and reticular fibers (brown) after different treatments. Scale bar: 100 μm; (C) US shear-wave elastography images of treated tumors and (D) the corresponding stiffness values presented in Young’s elastic modulus. Reproduced with permission^[51]. Copyright 2024, Elsevier; (E) hMnO₂@gCMs nanoparticles relieve hypoxia and promote TAMs polarization to induce robust antitumor immunity; (F) M1-like (CD80) and (G) M2-like (CD206) TAMs in tumor tissues. Reproduced with permission^[95]. Copyright 2024, KeAi. CSC: Cancer stem cell; US: ultrasound; ECM: extracellular matrix; ALDH: aldehyde dehydrogenase; HIF-1α: hypoxia-inducible factor 1-alpha; CD: cluster of differentiation; TAM: tumor-associated macrophage; hMnO₂@gCM: hollow manganese dioxide@cell membrane; SIRPα: signal regulatory protein α.