fig1

Figure 1. Semi-synthetic photobiosynthesis in engineered Escherichia coli combining endogenous olefin production with externally supplied radical precursors. Adapted with permission from^[1], Copyright 2026, Springer Nature. AroF: 3-Deoxy-D-arabino-heptulosonate-7-phosphate (DAHP) synthetase; CHO: chorismate; CIT: citrate; E4P: erythrose 4-phosphate; F6P: fructose 6-phosphate; GAP: glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate; HPP: 4-hydroxyphenylacetone; ICD: isocitrate dehydrogenase; ICIT: isocitrate; α-KG: α-ketoglutarate; G-1,3-BP: glycerate-1,3-bisphosphate; NADPH: reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate; Tyr: tyrosine; TyrA: tyrosine synthase; TyrB: tyrosine aminotransferase; TktA: transketolase; X5P: xylulose 5-phosphate; PALY: phenylalanine ammonia lyase (from R. toruloides); PadA: decarboxylase (from L. plantarum); PEP: phosphoenolpyruvate; pHCA: p-hydroxy-cinnamic acid; PPA: prephenate; PpsA: phosphoenolpyruvate synthase; PykA/F: pyruvate kinase A/F; PYR: pyruvate; TCA: tricarboxylic acid; TFIE: trifluoroiodoethane; TFBP: 4-(4,4,4-trifluorobutyl) phenol; OYE3N194Y: old yellow enzyme 3 (from Saccharomyces cerevisiae) with substitution of asparagine for tyrosine at amino acid residue 194.